Limiting Factors and Environmental Adaptability for Staple Crops in Kazakhstan

Population growth increases the threat to global food security. Kazakhstan, a major agricultural nation, has made significant contributions world security; however, wide gap exists between its yield and that of other crop-producing countries. Increasing productivity in Kazakhstan through enhancing utilization natural endowments under existing cropland conditions would help alleviate pressure. Therefore, we elucidated factors restricting Kazakhstan’s proposed reasonable countermeasures. We analyzed production structure based on yearbooks. Correlation stepwise regression were conducted crop potential factors. The states classified by hierarchical cluster agronomic characteristics evaluated using normalized scores. Wheat (60.3%), barley (14.9%), potatoes (16%) are main crops produced Kazakhstan. ideal regional environment-based geographical configuration is “Northern—Wheat, Southern—Barley Wheat, Western—Potatoes.” key limiting wheat water shortage soil alkalization, while for barley, it alkalization. current planting distribution suboptimal. Water-saving irrigation runoff, staple layout optimization, organic fertilizer promotion, drought-resistant variety cultivation, technology training must be prioritized overcome constraints